Unit: Sonderkommando 4b (Einsatzgruppe C). Place on map: Vinnica (modern name: Vinnytsia), Ukraine. Date on map: undated map marker.
Coordinates: 49.2331, 28.4682 (approximate modern locality centroid; verify before final publication).
At an undated point on the 1941 advance map, the map places SK 4b, within Einsatzgruppe C in or near Vinnica (modern Vinnytsia), Ukraine. This record should be used first as a route/presence marker derived from the map, not as proof that a specific killing action took place on that exact date and in that exact locality. Einsatzgruppe C operated across Ukraine toward Kiev and Donetsk. USHMM names Lvov/Lviv, Tarnopol/Ternopil, Zolochev, Kremenets, Kharkov/Kharkiv and Kiev/Kyiv among places connected with its killing operations. The wider context is Operation Barbarossa and the rapid transition from persecution and occupation policy to mass murder by mobile SS and police killing units behind the German front. For publication, verify the locality and date against the Ereignismeldungen UdSSR, Yad Vashem's 'Untold Stories' locality project, USHMM locality articles/collections, and, where available, Yahad-In Unum material on killing sites and testimony. Because the map confidence for this row is 'middel', keep the wording provisional until the unit label, locality spelling and coordinates have been checked. Map note: SK4b-route zichtbaar.
Further research search terms: Vinnica | Vinnytsia | SK 4b | Einsatzgruppe C | Ereignismeldungen UdSSR | Yad Vashem Untold Stories | USHMM
Sources and starting points for further research:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Karte_-_Einsatzgruppen_in_der_Sowjetunion_1941.png
https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/einsatzgruppen-and-other-ss-and-police-units-in-the-soviet-union
https://www.yadvashem.org/research/research-projects/untold-stories-intro.html
https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/de/archive/1-2-7-20_2273000
https://www.yadvashem.org/holocaust/about/final-solution-beginning/mass-murder-in-ussr.html
https://studyguide.yiu.ngo/en/holocaust-by-bullets
